---
title: 2 Kings 25:24 (JPS 1917) — And Gedaliah swore to them and to their men, and said unto them: 'Fe… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Gedaliah swore to them and to their men, and said unto them: 'Fear not because of the servants of the Chaldeans; dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.' Who acts: Gedaliah, land. 2 Kings 25:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# 2 Kings 25:24 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Gedaliah swore to them and to their men, and said unto them: 'Fear not because of the servants of the Chaldeans; dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Gedaliah, land · **What happens:** swear, say, not fear, dwell, serve, be · **To what, where:** men, land, king · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 25:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gedaliah, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:781
# text = And Gedaliah swore to them and to their men, and said unto them: 'Fear not because of the servants of the Chaldeans; dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Gedaliah	Gedaliah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swore	swear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Fear	fear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
19	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	22	case	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Chaldeans	chaldean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
27	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	serve	serve	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
40	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
41	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
42	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	43	cop	_	_
43	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	45	advmod	_	_
44	with	with	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	27	conj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
47	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=promise, indirect=0

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | past | Gedaliah |  | men *= man* |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gedaliah *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto men *= man* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **fear** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | because the servants of the Chaldeans | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **dwell** | infinitive |  |  |  | the land |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |
| 5 | **serve** | infinitive |  | the king of Babylon |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Attribute |
| 6 | **is** | shall | land |  |  |  |  | well *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשָּׁבַ֨ע לָהֶ֤ם גְּדַלְיָ֙הוּ֙ וּלְאַנְשֵׁיהֶ֔ם וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם אַל־תִּֽירְא֖וּ מֵעַבְדֵ֣י הַכַּשְׂדִּ֑ים שְׁב֣וּ בָאָ֗רֶץ וְעִבְד֛וּ אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל וְיִטַ֥ב לָכֶֽם׃ס

[2 Kings 25:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:781` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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