---
title: 2 Kings 25:25 (JPS 1917) — But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Ne… · tree and pragmatics
description: But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah. Who acts: land, Ishmael, Gedaliah. 2 Kings 25:25 in JPS 1917
---

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# 2 Kings 25:25 · JPS 1917

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But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah.

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**Who acts:** land, Ishmael, Gedaliah · **What happens:** come, pass, smote, die · **To what, where:** Gedaliah

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This is 2 Kings 25:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, Ishmael, Gedaliah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:782
# text = But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	seventh	seventh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
12	Ishmael	Ishmael	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Nethaniah	Nethaniah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Elishama	Elishama	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	royal	royal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
28	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nummod	_	_
32	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nmod	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	smote	smote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
38	Gedaliah	Gedaliah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
41	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
42	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	ccomp	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	38	conj	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	Chaldeans	Chaldean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	46	conj	_	_
50	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	53	nsubj	_	_
51	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	53	cop	_	_
52	with	with	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
53	him	he	ADP	IN	_	49	xcomp	_	_
54	at	at	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	Mizpah	Mizpah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | land |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | land *not said here* |  |  |  | month |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | past | Ishmael |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **smote** | past | Ishmael *not said here* | Gedaliah and the Jews and the Chaldeans at Mizpah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **die** | past | Gedaliah |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י בָּ֣א יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְ֠תַנְיָה בֶּן־אֱלִ֨ישָׁמָ֜ע מִזֶּ֣רַע הַמְּלוּכָ֗ה וַעֲשָׂרָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּכּ֥וּ אֶת־גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ וַיָּמֹ֑ת וְאֶת־הַיְּהוּדִים֙ וְאֶת־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־הָי֥וּ אִתּ֖וֹ בַּמִּצְפָּֽה׃

[2 Kings 25:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:782` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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