---
title: 2 Kings 4:8 (JPS 1917) — And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a grea… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a great woman; and she constrained him to eat bread. Who acts: oil, Elisha, woman. 2 Kings 4:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 4:8 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a great woman; and she constrained him to eat bread.

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**Who acts:** oil, Elisha, woman · **What happens:** fall, pass, be, constrain, eat · **To what, where:** Shunem, great woman, man, bread

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This is 2 Kings 4:8 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oil, Elisha, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:86
# text = And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a great woman; and she constrained him to eat bread.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	Elisha	Elisha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Shunem	Shunem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	constrained	constrain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
26	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | oil |  |  |  | day |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **pass** | past | Elisha |  |  | Shunem |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to shunem=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **is a** | past |  | a great woman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **constrain** | past | woman | man |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Causer he=Patient clause=Goal |
| 5 | **eat** | to-infinitive | woman *not said here* | bread |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֨י הַיּ֜וֹם וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר אֱלִישָׁ֣ע אֶל־שׁוּנֵ֗ם וְשָׁם֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַתַּחֲזֶק־בּ֖וֹ לֶאֱכָל־לָ֑חֶם וַֽיְהִי֙ מִדֵּ֣י עָבְר֔וֹ יָסֻ֥ר שָׁ֖מָּה לֶאֱכָל־לָֽחֶם׃

[2 Kings 4:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.8/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a great woman; and she constrained him to eat bread.**
2. [And so it was, that as oft as he passed by, he turned in thither to eat bread.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.87/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:86` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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