--- title: 2 Samuel 4:4 (JPS 1917) — He was five years old when the tidings came of Saul and Jonathan out… · tree and pragmatics description: He was five years old when the tidings came of Saul and Jonathan out of Jezreel, and his nurse took him up, and fled; and it came to pass, as she made haste to flee, that he fell, and became lame. Who acts: Jonathan, tidings, nurse, Saul. 2 Samuel 4:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.116/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/4/) / [4:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.4.4/) / JPS 2 # 2 Samuel 4:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 3 He was five years old when the tidings came of Saul and Jonathan out of Jezreel, and his nurse took him up, and fled; and it came to pass, as she made haste to flee, that he fell, and became lame. **Who acts:** Jonathan, tidings, nurse, Saul · **What happens:** be, come, take up, flee, pass, make · **To what, where:** Jonathan, haste This is 2 Samuel 4:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, tidings, nurse, Saul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:116 # text = He was five years old when the tidings came of Saul and Jonathan out of Jezreel, and his nurse took him up, and fled; and it came to pass, as she made haste to flee, that he fell, and became lame. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 4 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl:unmarked _ _ 5 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 6 when when SCONJ WRB _ 9 mark _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 tidings tiding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 14 out out ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 Jezreel Jezreel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 nurse nurse NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 22 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 up up ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 fled flee VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 xcomp _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 as as SCONJ IN _ 36 mark _ _ 35 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 advcl _ _ 37 haste haste NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 38 to to PART TO _ 39 mark _ _ 39 flee flee VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 37 acl _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 41 that that SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 42 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 43 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 ccomp _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 46 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 43 conj _ _ 47 lame lame ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 xcomp _ _ 48 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | Jonathan | | | | year | old *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **come** | past | the tidings of Saul and Jonathan out Jezreel | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **take up** | past | Jonathan's nurse | | Jonathan | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination | | 4 | **flee** | past | Jonathan's nurse *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **come** | past | nurse | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **pass** | to-infinitive | nurse *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **make** | past | Saul | haste | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent haste=Product | | 8 | **flee** | to-infinitive | Saul *not said here* | haste *not said here* | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **fall** | past | Jonathan | | | | | | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 10 | **become** | past | Jonathan *not said here* | | | | | lame *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְלִיהֽוֹנָתָן֙ בֶּן־שָׁא֔וּל בֵּ֖ן נְכֵ֣ה רַגְלָ֑יִם בֶּן־חָמֵ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֣ים הָיָ֡ה בְּבֹ֣א שְׁמֻעַת֩ שָׁא֨וּל וִיהֽוֹנָתָ֜ן מִֽיִּזְרְעֶ֗אל וַתִּשָּׂאֵ֤הוּ אֹֽמַנְתּוֹ֙ וַתָּנֹ֔ס וַיְהִ֞י בְּחָפְזָ֥הּ לָנ֛וּס וַיִּפֹּ֥ל וַיִּפָּסֵ֖חַ וּשְׁמ֥וֹ מְפִיבֹֽשֶׁת׃ [2 Samuel 4:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.4.4/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. [Now Jonathan, Saul's son, had a son that was lame of his feet.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.115/) 2. **He was five years old when the tidings came of Saul and Jonathan out of Jezreel, and his nurse took him up, and fled; and it came to pass, as she made haste to flee, that he fell, and became lame.** 3. [And his name was Mephibosheth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.117/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:116` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 4:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.115/) - next →: [2 Samuel 4:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.117/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 4:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.4.4/)