---
title: 2 Samuel 5:12 (JPS 1917) — And David perceived that the LORD had established him king over Isra… · tree and pragmatics
description: And David perceived that the LORD had established him king over Israel, and that He had exalted his kingdom for His people Israel's sake. Who acts: David, LORD. 2 Samuel 5:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 5:12 · JPS 1917

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And David perceived that the LORD had established him king over Israel, and that He had exalted his kingdom for His people Israel's sake.

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**Who acts:** David, LORD · **What happens:** perceive, establish, exalt · **To what, where:** king, David, Israel, kingdom

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This is 2 Samuel 5:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:139
# text = And David perceived that the LORD had established him king over Israel, and that He had exalted his kingdom for His people Israel's sake.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	iobj	_	_
10	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	exalted	exalt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod:poss	_	_
24	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod:poss	_	_
25	's	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	sake	sake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | past | David |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **establish** | past · perfect | the LORD | king | David | Israel |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 3 | **exalt** | past · perfect | David | David's kingdom |  |  |  | David's people's sake *obl* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer kingdom=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֵּ֣דַע דָּוִ֔ד כִּֽי־הֱכִינ֧וֹ יְהוָ֛ה לְמֶ֖לֶךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְכִי֙ נִשֵּׂ֣א מַמְלַכְתּ֔וֹ בַּעֲב֖וּר עַמּ֥וֹ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ס

[2 Samuel 5:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.5.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:139` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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