---
title: 2 Samuel 8:18 (JPS 1917) — and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pel… · tree and pragmatics
description: and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief ministers. Who acts: Benaiah, sons. 2 Samuel 8:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 8:18 · JPS 1917

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and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief ministers.

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**Who acts:** Benaiah, sons · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** Cherethites, chief ministers

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This is 2 Samuel 8:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Benaiah, sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:228
# text = and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief ministers.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	Benaiah	Benaiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Jehoiada	Jehoiada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Cherethites	Cherethites	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Pelethites	Pelethites	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
16	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	ministers	minister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Benaiah |  |  | the Cherethites and the Pelethites and chief ministers |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | David's sons | chief ministers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וּבְנָיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־יְה֣וֹיָדָ֔ע וְהַכְּרֵתִ֖י וְהַפְּלֵתִ֑י וּבְנֵ֥י דָוִ֖ד כֹּהֲנִ֥ים הָיֽוּ׃פ

[2 Samuel 8:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.8.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:228` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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