---
title: 2 Samuel 9:1 (JPS 1917) — And David said: 'Is there yet any that is left of the house of Saul,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And David said: 'Is there yet any that is left of the house of Saul, that I may show him kindness for Jonathan's sake?' Who acts: David, any, I. 2 Samuel 9:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 9:1 · JPS 1917

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And David said: 'Is there yet any that is left of the house of Saul, that I may show him kindness for Jonathan's sake?'

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**Who acts:** David, any, I · **What happens:** say, be, leave, show · **To what, where:** kindness, David · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 9:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, any, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:229
# text = And David said: 'Is there yet any that is left of the house of Saul, that I may show him kindness for Jonathan's sake?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
8	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	iobj	_	_
24	kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	's	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
28	sake	sake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
29	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **be** | present | any |  |  | there | yet |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | of the house of Saul | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial\_location PP.destination»: subject=Source of house=Destination |
| 4 | **show** | may | I | kindness | David |  |  | for Jonathan's sake | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient kindness=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד הֲכִ֣י יֶשׁ־ע֔וֹד אֲשֶׁ֥ר נוֹתַ֖ר לְבֵ֣ית שָׁא֑וּל וְאֶעֱשֶׂ֤ה עִמּוֹ֙ חֶ֔סֶד בַּעֲב֖וּר יְהוֹנָתָֽן׃

[2 Samuel 9:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.9.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:229` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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