---
title: 2 Samuel 10:2 (JPS 1917) — And David said: 'I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And David said: 'I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness unto me.' So David sent by the hand of his servants to comfort him concerning his father. Who acts: David, I, father. 2 Samuel 10:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.245/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/) / [10:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.2/) / JPS 1

# 2 Samuel 10:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And David said: 'I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness unto me.' So David sent by the hand of his servants to comfort him concerning his father.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David, I, father · **What happens:** say, show, send, comfort · **To what, where:** kindness, Hanun · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 10:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, I, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:245
# text = And David said: 'I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness unto me.' So David sent by the hand of his servants to comfort him concerning his father.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Hanun	Hanun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Nahash	Nahash	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
21	kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
26	So	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
29	by	by	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	comfort	comfort	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	advcl	_	_
37	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obj	_	_
38	concerning	concerning	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **show** | future | I | kindness |  |  |  | unto Hanun | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent kindness=Recipient |
| 3 | **show** | past | Hanun's father | kindness |  |  |  | unto me | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent kindness=Recipient |
| 4 | **send** | past | David |  |  |  |  | by the hand of Hanun's servants | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **comfort** | to-infinitive | David *not said here* | Hanun |  |  |  | concerning Hanun's father | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶעֱשֶׂה־חֶ֣סֶד ׀ עִם־חָנ֣וּן בֶּן־נָחָ֗שׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ עָשָׂ֨ה אָבִ֤יו עִמָּדִי֙ חֶ֔סֶד וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח דָּוִ֧ד לְנַחֲמ֛וֹ בְּיַד־עֲבָדָ֖יו אֶל־אָבִ֑יו וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ עַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד אֶ֖רֶץ בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃

[2 Samuel 10:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.2/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And David said: 'I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness unto me.' So David sent by the hand of his servants to comfort him concerning his father.**
2. [And David's servants came into the land of the children of Ammon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.246/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:245` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [2 Samuel 10:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.244/)
- next →: [2 Samuel 10:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.246/)
- ↑ back to [2 Samuel 10:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.2/)