--- title: 2 Samuel 1:21 (JPS 1917) — Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew nor rain upon you, neith… · tree and pragmatics description: Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew nor rain upon you, neither fields of choice fruits; for there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, the shield of Saul, not anointed with oil. Who acts: you. 2 Samuel 1:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/1/) / [1:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.21/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 1:21 · JPS 1917 Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew nor rain upon you, neither fields of choice fruits; for there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, the shield of Saul, not anointed with oil. **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** let, cast away, not anoint · **To what, where:** shield This is 2 Samuel 1:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:25 # text = Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew nor rain upon you, neither fields of choice fruits; for there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, the shield of Saul, not anointed with oil. 1 Ye ye DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 2 det _ _ 2 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 vocative _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 Gilboa Gilboa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 6 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 8 expl _ _ 8 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp _ _ 9 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 10 det _ _ 10 dew dew NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 11 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 12 cc _ _ 12 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 13 upon upon ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 neither neither DET DT PronType=Neg 17 det _ _ 17 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 choice choice NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 20 fruits fruit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 22 for for SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 23 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 31 advmod _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 shield shield NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 mighty mighty NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 30 vilely vilely ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 cast cast VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 parataxis _ _ 32 away away ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 shield shield NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 39 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 40 advmod _ _ 40 anointed anoint VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 acl _ _ 41 with with ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | ye mountains of Gilboa *vocative* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **cast away** | past · passive | | the shield of the mighty and the shield of Saul | | there | | away, vilely *property* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product | | 3 | **not** **anoint** | participle | | the shield of Saul *not said here* | | | | with oil | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with oil=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הָרֵ֣י בַגִּלְבֹּ֗עַ אַל־טַ֧ל וְאַל־מָטָ֛ר עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם וּשְׂדֵ֣י תְרוּמֹ֑ת כִּ֣י שָׁ֤ם נִגְעַל֙ מָגֵ֣ן גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים מָגֵ֣ן שָׁא֔וּל בְּלִ֖י מָשִׁ֥יחַ בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃ [2 Samuel 1:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.21/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:25` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 1:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.24/) - next →: [2 Samuel 1:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.26/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 1:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.21/)