---
title: 2 Samuel 10:8 (JPS 1917) — And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate; and the Arameans of Zobah, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field. Who acts: children, Arameans. 2 Samuel 10:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# 2 Samuel 10:8 · JPS 1917

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And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate; and the Arameans of Zobah, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.

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**Who acts:** children, Arameans · **What happens:** come out, put, be · **To what, where:** battle, array, field

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This is 2 Samuel 10:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, Arameans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:253
# text = And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate; and the Arameans of Zobah, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ammon	Ammon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	out	out	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	array	array	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	entrance	entrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Arameans	Aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	42	nsubj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Zobah	Zobah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Rehob	Rehob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Tob	Tob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	Maacah	Maacah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
40	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
41	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	conj	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | past | the children of Ammon |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **put** | past | the children of Ammon *not said here* | the battle |  | array |  | at the entrance of the gate | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent battle=Theme in array=Destination |
| 3 | **is** | past | the Arameans of Zobah and Rehob and the men of Tob and Maacah |  |  | the field |  | by men *= man* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה פֶּ֣תַח הַשָּׁ֑עַר וַאֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָ֤א אֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָ֤א וּרְחוֹב֙ וְאִֽישׁ־ט֣וֹב וּמַֽעֲכָ֔ה לְבַדָּ֖ם בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃

[2 Samuel 10:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:253` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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