---
title: 2 Samuel 10:11 (JPS 1917) — And he said: 'If the Arameans be too strong for me, then thou shalt… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he said: 'If the Arameans be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me, but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will come and help thee. Who acts: battle, Arameans, thou, children. 2 Samuel 10:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 10:11 · JPS 1917

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And he said: 'If the Arameans be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me, but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will come and help thee.

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**Who acts:** battle, Arameans, thou, children, I · **What happens:** say, be, help, come · **To what, where:** me, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 10:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (battle, Arameans, thou, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:256
# text = And he said: 'If the Arameans be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me, but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will come and help thee.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	_
6	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Arameans	aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
10	too	too	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	advcl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
15	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	_
16	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nsubj	_	_
17	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
19	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
21	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
22	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Ammon	Ammon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	cop	_	_
28	too	too	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	advcl	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	obl	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
33	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	36	advmod	_	_
34	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
35	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	conj	_	_
39	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	obj	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: offer
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | battle |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | the Arameans |  |  |  |  | for me; strong *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **help** | shall | thou |  | me |  | then |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | the children of Ammon |  |  |  |  | for thee; strong *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **come** | future | I |  |  |  | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **help** | infinitive | I *not said here* | thee |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אִם־תֶּחֱזַ֤ק אֲרָם֙ מִמֶּ֔נִּי וְהָיִ֥תָה לִּ֖י לִֽישׁוּעָ֑ה וְאִם־בְּנֵ֤י עַמּוֹן֙ יֶחֱזְק֣וּ מִמְּךָ֔ וְהָלַכְתִּ֖י לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַֽ לָֽךְ׃

[2 Samuel 10:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:256` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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