---
title: 2 Samuel 10:16 (JPS 1917) — And Hadadezer sent, and brought out the Arameans that were beyond th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Hadadezer sent, and brought out the Arameans that were beyond the River; and they came to Helam, with Shobach the captain of the host of Hadadezer at their head. Who acts: Hadadezer, Arameans. 2 Samuel 10:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 10:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Hadadezer sent, and brought out the Arameans that were beyond the River; and they came to Helam, with Shobach the captain of the host of Hadadezer at their head.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Hadadezer, Arameans · **What happens:** send, bring out, be, come · **To what, where:** Arameans, Helam

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 10:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hadadezer, Arameans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:262
# text = And Hadadezer sent, and brought out the Arameans that were beyond the River; and they came to Helam, with Shobach the captain of the host of Hadadezer at their head.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Hadadezer	Hadadezer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Arameans	aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	River	River	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	acl:relcl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Helam	Helam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Shobach	Shobach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Hadadezer	Hadadezer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	at	at	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Hadadezer |  |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bring out** | past | Hadadezer *not said here* | the Arameans |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent aramean=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past | the Arameans |  |  |  |  | beyond the River | tree rules |
| 4 | **come** | past | Arameans *= aramean* |  |  | Helam |  | with Shobach at Arameans's head | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to helam=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר וַיֹּצֵ֤א אֶת־אֲרָם֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֔ר וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ חֵילָ֑ם וְשׁוֹבַ֛ךְ שַׂר־צְבָ֥א הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃

[2 Samuel 10:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:262` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [2 Samuel 10:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.261/)
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