---
title: 2 Samuel 10:19 (JPS 1917) — So the Arameans feared to help the children of Ammon any more. · tree and pragmatics
description: So the Arameans feared to help the children of Ammon any more. Who acts: Arameans. 2 Samuel 10:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 10:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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So the Arameans feared to help the children of Ammon any more.

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**Who acts:** Arameans · **What happens:** fear, help · **To what, where:** children

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This is 2 Samuel 10:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arameans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:267
# text = So the Arameans feared to help the children of Ammon any more.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Arameans	aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	feared	fear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Ammon	Ammon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	any	any	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fear** | past | the Arameans |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | the Arameans *not said here* |  | the children of Ammon |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּרְא֨וּ כָֽל־הַמְּלָכִ֜ים עַבְדֵ֣י הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר כִּ֤י נִגְּפוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּשְׁלִ֥מוּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וַיַּֽעַבְד֑וּם וַיִּֽרְא֣וּ אֲרָ֔ם לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ ע֖וֹד אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃פ

[2 Samuel 10:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.19/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [And when all the kings that were servants to Hadadezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.266/)
2. **So the Arameans feared to help the children of Ammon any more.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:267` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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