---
title: 2 Samuel 11:2 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass at eventide, that David arose from off his bed,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass at eventide, that David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house; and from the roof he saw a woman bathing; and the woman was very beautiful to look upon. Who acts: Israel, David, woman. 2 Samuel 11:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# 2 Samuel 11:2 · JPS 1917

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And it came to pass at eventide, that David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house; and from the roof he saw a woman bathing; and the woman was very beautiful to look upon.

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**Who acts:** Israel, David, woman · **What happens:** come, pass, arise, walk, see, bathing · **To what, where:** eventide, bed, roof, woman

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 11:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Israel, David, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:270
# text = And it came to pass at eventide, that David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house; and from the roof he saw a woman bathing; and the woman was very beautiful to look upon.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	eventide	eventide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	off	off	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
19	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	_
25	's	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
32	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
36	bathing	bathing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	xcomp	_	_
37	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
41	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	cop	_	_
42	very	very	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
43	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
44	to	to	PART	TO	_	45	mark	_	_
45	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	43	advcl	_	_
46	upon	upon	ADP	RP	_	45	compound:prt	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Israel |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | Israel *not said here* |  |  | eventide |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at eventide=Location |
| 3 | **arise** | past | David |  |  | David's bed |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **walk** | past | David *not said here* |  |  | the roof of the king's house |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon roof=Trajectory |
| 5 | **see** | past | David | a woman |  | the roof |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **bathing** | gerund | a woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **is** | past | the woman |  |  |  |  | beautiful *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **look upon** | to-infinitive | the woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֣י ׀ לְעֵ֣ת הָעֶ֗רֶב וַיָּ֨קָם דָּוִ֜ד מֵעַ֤ל מִשְׁכָּבוֹ֙ וַיִּתְהַלֵּךְ֙ עַל־גַּ֣ג בֵּית־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיַּ֥רְא אִשָּׁ֛ה רֹחֶ֖צֶת מֵעַ֣ל הַגָּ֑ג וְהָ֣אִשָּׁ֔ה טוֹבַ֥ת מַרְאֶ֖ה מְאֹֽד׃

[2 Samuel 11:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.11.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:270` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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