---
title: 2 Samuel 12:1 (JPS 1917) — And he came unto him, and said unto him: 'There were two men in one… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he came unto him, and said unto him: 'There were two men in one city: the one rich, and the other poor. Who acts: LORD, two men. 2 Samuel 12:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 12:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he came unto him, and said unto him: 'There were two men in one city: the one rich, and the other poor.

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**Who acts:** LORD, two men · **What happens:** come, say, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 12:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, two men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:299
# text = And he came unto him, and said unto him: 'There were two men in one city: the one rich, and the other poor.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
13	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	14	expl	_	_
14	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
15	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
23	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	poor	poor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | LORD |  |  |  |  | unto David | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto LORD | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **be** | past | two men in one city |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁלַ֧ח יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־נָתָ֖ן אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד וַיָּבֹ֣א אֵלָ֗יו וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ שְׁנֵ֣י אֲנָשִׁ֗ים הָיוּ֙ בְּעִ֣יר אֶחָ֔ת אֶחָ֥ד עָשִׁ֖יר וְאֶחָ֥ד רָֽאשׁ׃

[2 Samuel 12:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.1/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [And the LORD sent Nathan unto David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.298/)
2. **And he came unto him, and said unto him: 'There were two men in one city: the one rich, and the other poor.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:299` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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