--- title: 2 Samuel 13:4 (JPS 1917) — And he said unto him: 'Why, O son of the king, art thou thus becomin… · tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto him: 'Why, O son of the king, art thou thus becoming leaner from day to day? wilt thou not tell me?' And Amnon said unto him: 'I love Tamar, my brother Absalom's sister.' Who acts: Amnon, thou, I. 2 Samuel 13:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.341/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/13/) / [13:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.4/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 13:4 · JPS 1917 And he said unto him: 'Why, O son of the king, art thou thus becoming leaner from day to day? wilt thou not tell me?' And Amnon said unto him: 'I love Tamar, my brother Absalom's sister.' **Who acts:** Amnon, thou, I · **What happens:** say, become, not tell, love · **To what, where:** me, Tamar · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 13:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Amnon, thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:341 # text = And he said unto him: 'Why, O son of the king, art thou thus becoming leaner from day to day? wilt thou not tell me?' And Amnon said unto him: 'I love Tamar, my brother Absalom's sister.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ _ 8 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 19 advmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 10 O o INTJ UH _ 11 discourse _ _ 11 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 vocative _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 16 art be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 17 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 19 nsubj _ _ 18 thus thus ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 becoming become VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 20 leaner lean ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 19 xcomp _ _ 21 from from ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 25 ? ? PUNCT . _ 19 punct _ _ 26 wilt will AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 27 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 29 nsubj _ _ 28 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 29 advmod _ _ 29 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 parataxis _ _ 30 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 iobj _ _ 31 ? ? PUNCT . _ 29 punct _ _ 32 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 19 punct _ _ 33 And and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 34 Amnon Amnon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 35 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 36 unto unto ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obl _ _ 38 : : PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 39 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 41 punct _ _ 40 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 love love VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 ccomp _ _ 42 Tamar Tamar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 obj _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 45 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 nmod:poss _ _ 46 Absalom Absalom PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 appos _ _ 47 's 's PART POS _ 46 case _ _ 48 sister sister NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 appos _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 41 punct _ _ 50 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 41 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: changed act=ask, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Amnon | | | | | unto man | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **become** | present · progressive | thou | | | | day | son of the king *vocative*; lean, thus *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | future | thou | | me | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Amnon | | | | | unto man | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **love** | present | I | Tamar | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tamar=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ מַדּ֣וּעַ אַ֠תָּה כָּ֣כָה דַּ֤ל בֶּן־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בַּבֹּ֣קֶר בַּבֹּ֔קֶר הֲל֖וֹא תַּגִּ֣יד לִ֑י וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ אַמְנ֔וֹן אֶת־תָּמָ֗ר אֲח֛וֹת אַבְשָׁלֹ֥ם אָחִ֖י אֲנִ֥י אֹהֵֽב׃ [2 Samuel 13:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:341` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 13:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.340/) - next →: [2 Samuel 13:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.342/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 13:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.4/)