---
title: 2 Samuel 13:23 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass after two full years, that Absalom had sheep-she… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass after two full years, that Absalom had sheep-shearers in Baal-hazor, which is beside Ephraim; and Absalom invited all the king's sons. Who acts: good, Absalom, Baal hazor. 2 Samuel 13:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 13:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass after two full years, that Absalom had sheep-shearers in Baal-hazor, which is beside Ephraim; and Absalom invited all the king's sons.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** good, Absalom, Baal hazor · **What happens:** come, pass, have, be, invite · **To what, where:** sheep shearers, Baal hazor, Ephraim, sons

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 13:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (good, Absalom, Baal hazor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:364
# text = And it came to pass after two full years, that Absalom had sheep-shearers in Baal-hazor, which is beside Ephraim; and Absalom invited all the king's sons.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
14	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	_
16	shearers	shearer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	Baal	Baal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	_
20	hazor	hazor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Ephraim	Ephraim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	acl:relcl	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	invited	invite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
30	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	34	det:predet	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod:poss	_	_
33	's	's	PART	POS	_	32	case	_	_
34	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | good |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | good *not said here* |  |  |  | year |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | past | Absalom | sheep shearers |  | Baal hazor |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shearer=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present | Baal hazor |  |  | Ephraim |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **invite** | past | Absalom |  | the king's sons |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽיְהִי֙ לִשְׁנָתַ֣יִם יָמִ֔ים וַיִּהְי֤וּ גֹֽזְזִים֙ לְאַבְשָׁל֔וֹם בְּבַ֥עַל חָצ֖וֹר בַ֥עַל חָצ֖וֹר אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִם־אֶפְרָ֑יִם וַיִּקְרָ֥א אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם לְכָל־בְּנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃

[2 Samuel 13:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:364` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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