--- title: 2 Samuel 13:30 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, while they were in the way, that the tidings ca… · tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, while they were in the way, that the tidings came to David, saying: 'Absalom hath slain all the king's sons, and there is not one of them left.' Who acts: daughters, tidings, Absalom, one. 2 Samuel 13:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.372/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/13/) / [13:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.30/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 13:30 · JPS 1917 And it came to pass, while they were in the way, that the tidings came to David, saying: 'Absalom hath slain all the king's sons, and there is not one of them left.' **Who acts:** daughters, tidings, Absalom, one · **What happens:** come, pass, be, say, slay, not be · **To what, where:** mule, way, David, sons · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 13:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (daughters, tidings, Absalom, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:372 # text = And it came to pass, while they were in the way, that the tidings came to David, saying: 'Absalom hath slain all the king's sons, and there is not one of them left.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 expl _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 7 while while SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 8 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 9 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 advcl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 that that SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 tidings tiding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 csubj _ _ 18 to to ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 advcl _ _ 22 : : PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 23 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 26 punct _ _ 24 Absalom Absalom PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 25 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 26 slain slay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 21 ccomp _ _ 27 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 31 det:predet _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod:poss _ _ 30 's 's PART POS _ 29 case _ _ 31 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 34 there there PRON EX _ 35 expl _ _ 35 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 36 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 35 advmod _ _ 37 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 35 nsubj _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nmod _ _ 40 left leave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 37 acl _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 26 punct _ _ 42 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 26 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=narrate, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | | mule | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is** | past | daughters *= daughter* | | | the way | | | tree rules | | 4 | **come** | past | the tidings | | | David | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to david=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the tidings *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **slay** | present · perfect | Absalom | the king's sons | | | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | | 7 | **not** **be** | present | one of tidings | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **leave** | participle | | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַֽיְהִי֙ הֵ֣מָּה בַדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְהַשְּׁמֻעָ֣ה בָ֔אָה אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר הִכָּ֤ה אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֶת־כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְלֹֽא־נוֹתַ֥ר מֵהֶ֖ם אֶחָֽד׃ס [2 Samuel 13:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.30/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:372` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 13:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.371/) - next →: [2 Samuel 13:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.373/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 13:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.30/)