---
title: 2 Samuel 13:31 (JPS 1917) — Then the king arose, and rent his garments, and lay on the earth; an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the king arose, and rent his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent. Who acts: king, servants. 2 Samuel 13:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.373/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/13/) / [13:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.31/) / JPS 1

# 2 Samuel 13:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the king arose, and rent his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king, servants · **What happens:** arise, rent, lie, stand by · **To what, where:** garments, earth, clothes

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 13:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:373
# text = Then the king arose, and rent his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	rent	rent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	20	det:predet	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
22	by	by	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	21	obl	_	_
26	rent	rent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | the king |  |  |  | then |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rent** | past | the king *not said here* | king's garments |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent garment=Theme |
| 3 | **lie** | past | the king *not said here* |  |  | the earth |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on earth=Location |
| 4 | **stand by** | past | king's servants |  |  |  |  | with daughters's clothes | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **rent** | participle |  | daughters's clothes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּ֧קָם הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וַיִּקְרַ֥ע אֶת־בְּגָדָ֖יו וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב אָ֑רְצָה וְכָל־עֲבָדָ֥יו נִצָּבִ֖ים קְרֻעֵ֥י בְגָדִֽים׃ס

[2 Samuel 13:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.31/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:373` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [2 Samuel 13:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.372/)
- next →: [2 Samuel 13:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.374/)
- ↑ back to [2 Samuel 13:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.31/)