---
title: 2 Samuel 2:5 (JPS 1917) — And David sent messengers unto the men of Jabesh-gilead, and said un… · tree and pragmatics
description: And David sent messengers unto the men of Jabesh-gilead, and said unto them: 'Blessed be ye of the LORD, that ye have shown this kindness unto your lord, even unto Saul, and have buried him. Who acts: David, LORD, ye. 2 Samuel 2:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# 2 Samuel 2:5 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And David sent messengers unto the men of Jabesh-gilead, and said unto them: 'Blessed be ye of the LORD, that ye have shown this kindness unto your lord, even unto Saul, and have buried him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David, LORD, ye · **What happens:** send, say, bless, show, bury · **To what, where:** messengers, ye, kindness, David · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 2:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, LORD, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:38
# text = And David sent messengers unto the men of Jabesh-gilead, and said unto them: 'Blessed be ye of the LORD, that ye have shown this kindness unto your lord, even unto Saul, and have buried him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	Jabesh	Jabesh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	_
11	gilead	gilead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Blessed	bless	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	ccomp	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
21	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl:agent	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
27	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nsubj	_	_
28	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
30	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	31	det	_	_
31	kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
36	even	even	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
37	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
41	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
42	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	29	conj	_	_
43	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	obj	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: exclamation
- act: express
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=excl, act=express

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | David | messengers |  |  |  | unto the men of Jabesh gilead | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto men *= man* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **bless** | infinitive · passive | the LORD | ye |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 4 | **show** | present · perfect | ye | this kindness |  |  |  | unto your lord; unto Saul | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent kindness=Recipient |
| 5 | **bury** | present · perfect | ye *not said here* | David |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח דָּוִד֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל־אַנְשֵׁ֖י יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם בְּרֻכִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֜ם הַחֶ֣סֶד הַזֶּ֗ה עִם־אֲדֹֽנֵיכֶם֙ עִם־שָׁא֔וּל וַֽתִּקְבְּר֖וּ אֹתֽוֹ׃

[2 Samuel 2:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:38` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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