---
title: 2 Samuel 14:2 (JPS 1917) — And Joab sent to Tekoa, and fetched thence a wise woman, and said un… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Joab sent to Tekoa, and fetched thence a wise woman, and said unto her: 'I pray thee, feign thyself to be a mourner, and put on mourning apparel, I pray thee, and anoint not thyself with oil, but be as a woman that had a long time mourned for the dead; Who acts: Joab, I, woman. 2 Samuel 14:2 in 
---

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# 2 Samuel 14:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Joab sent to Tekoa, and fetched thence a wise woman, and said unto her: 'I pray thee, feign thyself to be a mourner, and put on mourning apparel, I pray thee, and anoint not thyself with oil, but be as a woman that had a long time mourned for the dead;

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**Who acts:** Joab, I, woman · **What happens:** send, fetch, say, pray, feign, be · **To what, where:** Tekoa, wise woman, thee, thyself, mourner, mourning apparel · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 14:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joab, I, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:385
# text = And Joab sent to Tekoa, and fetched thence a wise woman, and said unto her: 'I pray thee, feign thyself to be a mourner, and put on mourning apparel, I pray thee, and anoint not thyself with oil, but be as a woman that had a long time mourned for the dead;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Joab	Joab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Tekoa	Tekoa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	fetched	fetch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	thence	thence	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
19	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	parataxis	_	_
22	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	21	obj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
24	feign	feign	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	_
25	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	24	obj	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	cop	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	mourner	mourner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	xcomp	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
33	on	on	ADP	RP	_	32	compound:prt	_	_
34	mourning	mourning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	apparel	apparel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
38	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	parataxis	_	_
39	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	obj	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	anoint	anoint	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
43	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	42	advmod	_	_
44	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	42	obj	_	_
45	with	with	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
48	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
49	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	52	cop	_	_
50	as	as	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
53	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	58	nsubj	_	_
54	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	58	aux	_	_
55	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
56	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	57	amod	_	_
57	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obl:unmarked	_	_
58	mourned	mourn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	52	acl:relcl	_	_
59	for	for	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
61	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	obl	_	_
62	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=imp, polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Joab |  | Tekoa |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to tekoa=Destination |
| 2 | **fetch** | past | Joab *not said here* | a wise woman |  |  |  | thence *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woman=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joab *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Joab | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **pray** | present | I | thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **feign** | infinitive |  | thyself |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thyself=Patient |
| 6 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a mourner |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **put on** | infinitive |  | mourning apparel |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent apparel=Goal |
| 8 | **pray** | present | I | thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **not** **anoint** | infinitive |  | thyself |  |  |  | with oil | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent thyself=Destination with oil=Theme |
| 10 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | as a woman | tree rules |
| 11 | **mourn** | past · perfect | a woman |  |  |  | time | for the dead | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for dead=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח יוֹאָב֙ תְּק֔וֹעָה וַיִּקַּ֥ח מִשָּׁ֖ם אִשָּׁ֣ה חֲכָמָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵ֠לֶיהָ הִֽתְאַבְּלִי־נָ֞א וְלִבְשִׁי־נָ֣א בִגְדֵי־אֵ֗בֶל וְאַל־תָּס֙וּכִי֙ שֶׁ֔מֶן וְהָיִ֕ית כְּאִשָּׁ֗ה זֶ֚ה יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים מִתְאַבֶּ֖לֶת עַל־מֵֽת׃

[2 Samuel 14:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:385` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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