--- title: 2 Samuel 14:15 (JPS 1917) — Now therefore seeing that I am come to speak this word unto my lord… · tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore seeing that I am come to speak this word unto my lord the king, it is because the people have made me afraid; and thy handmaid said: I will now speak unto the king; it may be that the king will perform the request of his servant. Who acts: I, people, handmaid, king. 2 Samuel 14:15 in J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.399/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/14/) / [14:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.15/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 14:15 · JPS 1917 Now therefore seeing that I am come to speak this word unto my lord the king, it is because the people have made me afraid; and thy handmaid said: I will now speak unto the king; it may be that the king will perform the request of his servant. **Who acts:** I, people, handmaid, king · **What happens:** see, come, speak, make, say, perform · **To what, where:** word, me, request, servant · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 14:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, people, handmaid, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:399 # text = Now therefore seeing that I am come to speak this word unto my lord the king, it is because the people have made me afraid; and thy handmaid said: I will now speak unto the king; it may be that the king will perform the request of his servant. 1 Now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 advmod _ _ 2 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 seeing see VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 19 advcl _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 5 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 6 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 speak speak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 10 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 11 det _ _ 11 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 unto unto ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 appos _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 20 because because SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 23 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 19 advcl _ _ 25 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ _ 26 afraid afraid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 xcomp _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 29 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 handmaid handmaid NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 31 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 32 : : PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 33 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 34 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 35 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 36 advmod _ _ 36 speak speak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 ccomp _ _ 37 unto unto ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 40 ; ; PUNCT : _ 43 punct _ _ 41 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 expl _ _ 42 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 43 aux _ _ 43 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 36 parataxis _ _ 44 that that SCONJ IN _ 48 mark _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 nsubj _ _ 47 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 48 aux _ _ 48 perform perform VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 43 ccomp _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 request request NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 obj _ _ 51 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 53 nmod:poss _ _ 53 servant servant NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nmod _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 19 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | gerund | | | | | now | therefore *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **come** | present · passive | I | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | this word | | | | unto my lord | tree rules | | 4 | **make** | present · perfect | the people | me | | | | afraid *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Product | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | thy handmaid | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **speak** *speech: other* | future | I | | | | now | unto the king | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **perform** | future | the king | the request of king's servant | | | | | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent request=Theme | | 8 | **request** | | | king's servant | | | | | nom request «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְ֠עַתָּה אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֜אתִי לְדַבֵּ֨ר אֶל־הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲדֹנִי֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֥י יֵֽרְאֻ֖נִי הָעָ֑ם וַתֹּ֤אמֶר שִׁפְחָֽתְךָ֙ אֲדַבְּרָה־נָּ֣א אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אוּלַ֛י יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶת־דְּבַ֥ר אֲמָתֽוֹ׃ [2 Samuel 14:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.15/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:399` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 14:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.398/) - next →: [2 Samuel 14:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.400/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 14:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.15/)