---
title: 2 Samuel 14:30 (JPS 1917) — Therefore he said unto his servants: 'See, Joab's field is near mine… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore he said unto his servants: 'See, Joab's field is near mine, and he hath barley there; go and set it on fire.' And Absalom's servants set the field on fire. Who acts: Absalom, field, servants. 2 Samuel 14:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 14:30 · JPS 1917

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Therefore he said unto his servants: 'See, Joab's field is near mine, and he hath barley there; go and set it on fire.' And Absalom's servants set the field on fire.

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**Who acts:** Absalom, field, servants · **What happens:** say, see, be, have, go, set · **To what, where:** barley, fire, field · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 14:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Absalom, field, servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:414
# text = Therefore he said unto his servants: 'See, Joab's field is near mine, and he hath barley there; go and set it on fire.' And Absalom's servants set the field on fire.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
9	See	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	Joab	Joab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	near	near	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	ccomp	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
21	barley	barley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
24	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	parataxis	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
31	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
32	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
33	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod:poss	_	_
34	's	's	PART	POS	_	33	case	_	_
35	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nsubj	_	_
36	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	on	on	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Absalom |  |  |  |  | unto Absalom's servants; therefore *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **see** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | present | Joab's field |  |  |  |  | near mine | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** | present | Absalom | barley |  | there |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent barley=Patient |
| 5 | **go** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **set** | infinitive |  | barley |  | fire |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme on fire=Destination |
| 7 | **set** | past | Absalom's servants | the field |  | fire |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent field=Theme on fire=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֶל־עֲבָדָ֜יו רְאוּ֩ חֶלְקַ֨ת יוֹאָ֤ב אֶל־יָדִי֙ וְלוֹ־שָׁ֣ם שְׂעֹרִ֔ים לְכ֖וּ וְהַצִּית֣וּהָ בָאֵ֑שׁ וַיַּצִּ֜תוּ עַבְדֵ֧י אַבְשָׁל֛וֹם אֶת־הַחֶלְקָ֖ה בָּאֵֽשׁ׃פ

[2 Samuel 14:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.30/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:414` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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