--- title: 2 Samuel 14:32 (JPS 1917) — And Absalom answered Joab: 'Behold, I sent unto thee, saying: Come h… · tree and pragmatics description: And Absalom answered Joab: 'Behold, I sent unto thee, saying: Come hither, that I may send thee to the king, to say: Wherefore am I come from Geshur? it were better for me to be there still; now therefore let me see the king's face; and if there be iniquity in me, let him kill me.' Who acts: Absalom --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.416/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/14/) / [14:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.32/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 14:32 · JPS 1917 And Absalom answered Joab: 'Behold, I sent unto thee, saying: Come hither, that I may send thee to the king, to say: Wherefore am I come from Geshur? it were better for me to be there still; now therefore let me see the king's face; and if there be iniquity in me, let him kill me.' **Who acts:** Absalom, I, me, iniquity · **What happens:** answer, send, say, come, be, let · **To what, where:** Joab, thee, king, Geshur, me, face · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 14:32 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Absalom, I, me, iniquity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:416 # text = And Absalom answered Joab: 'Behold, I sent unto thee, saying: Come hither, that I may send thee to the king, to say: Wherefore am I come from Geshur? it were better for me to be there still; now therefore let me see the king's face; and if there be iniquity in me, let him kill me.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Absalom Absalom PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 Joab Joab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 6 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 7 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 10 discourse _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 9 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 sent send VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 11 unto unto ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 10 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 advcl _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 16 Come come VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 14 ccomp _ _ 17 hither hither ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 that that SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 send send VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ _ 23 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 22 obj _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 to to PART TO _ 29 mark _ _ 29 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 advcl _ _ 30 : : PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 31 Wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 34 advmod _ _ 32 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 33 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 29 ccomp _ _ 35 from from ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 Geshur Geshur PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 37 ? ? PUNCT . _ 34 punct _ _ 38 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 expl _ _ 39 were be AUX VBD Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 34 parataxis _ _ 41 for for SCONJ IN _ 45 mark _ _ 42 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 43 to to PART TO _ 45 mark _ _ 44 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 45 cop _ _ 45 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 40 csubj _ _ 46 still still ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 47 ; ; PUNCT : _ 50 punct _ _ 48 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 50 advmod _ _ 49 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 50 advmod _ _ 50 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 51 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 50 obj _ _ 52 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 50 xcomp _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 nmod:poss _ _ 55 's 's PART POS _ 54 case _ _ 56 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 obj _ _ 57 ; ; PUNCT : _ 66 punct _ _ 58 and and CCONJ CC _ 66 cc _ _ 59 if if SCONJ IN _ 61 mark _ _ 60 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 61 expl _ _ 61 be be VERB VB Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin 66 advcl _ _ 62 iniquity iniquity NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 nsubj _ _ 63 in in ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 64 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 62 nmod _ _ 65 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 66 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 50 conj _ _ 67 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 66 obj _ _ 68 kill kill VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 66 xcomp _ _ 69 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 68 obj _ _ 70 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 71 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Absalom | | Joab | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **send** | past | I | | | | | unto thee | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **come** | infinitive | | | | | | hither *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **send** | may | I | thee | the king | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thou=Theme to king=Destination | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **come** | present · passive | I | | | Geshur | | wherefore *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from geshur=Initial\_Location | | 8 | **is** | past | | | | | | good *property* | tree rules | | 9 | **is** | to-infinitive | me | | | | still | there *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **let** | infinitive | | me | | | now | therefore *property* | tree rules | | 11 | **see** | infinitive | me *not said here* | the king's face | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer face=Stimulus | | 12 | **be** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | iniquity in me | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 13 | **let** | infinitive | | Absalom | | | | | tree rules | | 14 | **kill** | infinitive | Absalom *not said here* | me | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְשָׁל֣וֹם אֶל־יוֹאָ֡ב הִנֵּ֣ה שָׁלַ֣חְתִּי אֵלֶ֣יךָ ׀ לֵאמֹ֡ר בֹּ֣א הֵ֠נָּה וְאֶשְׁלְחָה֩ אֹתְךָ֨אֶל־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לֵאמֹ֗ר לָ֤מָּה בָּ֙אתִי֙ מִגְּשׁ֔וּר ט֥וֹב לִ֖י עֹ֣ד אֲנִי־שָׁ֑ם וְעַתָּ֗ה אֶרְאֶה֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאִם־יֶשׁ־בִּ֥י עָוֺ֖ן וֶהֱמִתָֽנִי׃ [2 Samuel 14:32: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.32/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:416` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 14:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.415/) - next →: [2 Samuel 14:33 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.417/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 14:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.32/)