---
title: 2 Samuel 15:1 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass after this, that Absalom prepared him a chariot… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass after this, that Absalom prepared him a chariot and horses, and fifty men to run before him. Who acts: it, Absalom. 2 Samuel 15:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 15:1 · JPS 1917

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And it came to pass after this, that Absalom prepared him a chariot and horses, and fifty men to run before him.

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**Who acts:** it, Absalom · **What happens:** come, pass, prepare, run · **To what, where:** chariot, him

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This is 2 Samuel 15:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, Absalom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:418
# text = And it came to pass after this, that Absalom prepared him a chariot and horses, and fifty men to run before him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	prepared	prepare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	csubj	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	acl	_	_
23	before	before	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | after this |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **prepare** | past | Absalom | a chariot and horses and fifty men | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary chariot=Product |
| 4 | **run** | to-infinitive | Absalom *not said here* |  |  |  | before Absalom |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before he=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַֽיְהִי֙ מֵאַ֣חֲרֵי כֵ֔ן וַיַּ֤עַשׂ לוֹ֙ אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם מֶרְכָּבָ֖ה וְסֻסִ֑ים וַחֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ רָצִ֥ים לְפָנָֽיו׃

[2 Samuel 15:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:418` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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