---
title: 2 Samuel 15:10 (JPS 1917) — But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying:… · tree and pragmatics
description: But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying: 'As soon as ye hear the sound of the horn, then ye shall say: Absalom is king in Hebron.' Who acts: Absalom, ye. 2 Samuel 15:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 15:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying: 'As soon as ye hear the sound of the horn, then ye shall say: Absalom is king in Hebron.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Absalom, ye · **What happens:** send, say, hear, be · **To what, where:** spies, sound, king, Hebron · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 15:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Absalom, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:427
# text = But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying: 'As soon as ye hear the sound of the horn, then ye shall say: Absalom is king in Hebron.'
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	spies	spy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	_
15	As	as	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	29	advcl	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
19	hear	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	29	advmod	_	_
27	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nsubj	_	_
28	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
30	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
31	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
32	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
33	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	ccomp	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Hebron	Hebron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
37	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Absalom | spies |  |  | throughout all tribes of Israel |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spy=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Absalom *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **hear** | present | ye | the sound of the horn |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | shall | ye |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** | present | Absalom | king |  | Hebron |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ מְרַגְּלִ֔ים בְּכָל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר כְּשָׁמְעֲכֶם֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַשֹּׁפָ֔ר וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם מָלַ֥ךְ אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם בְּחֶבְרֽוֹן׃

[2 Samuel 15:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:427` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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