---
title: 2 Samuel 15:12 (JPS 1917) — And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, fr… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered the sacrifices. Who acts: Absalom. 2 Samuel 15:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 15:12 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered the sacrifices.

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**Who acts:** Absalom · **What happens:** send, offer · **To what, where:** city, sacrifices

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This is 2 Samuel 15:12 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Absalom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:429
# text = And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered the sacrifices.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ahithophel	Ahithophel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Gilonite	Gilonite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	counsellor	counsellor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	even	even	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Giloh	Giloh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	offered	offer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sacrifices	sacrifice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Absalom |  |  | Absalom's city from Giloh |  | for Ahithophel | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent from city=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **offer** | past | Absalom | the sacrifices |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent sacrifice=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח אַ֠בְשָׁלוֹם אֶת־אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל הַגִּֽילֹנִ֜י יוֹעֵ֣ץ דָּוִ֗ד מֵֽעִירוֹ֙ מִגִּלֹ֔ה בְּזָבְח֖וֹ אֶת־הַזְּבָחִ֑ים וַיְהִ֤י הַקֶּ֙שֶׁר֙ אַמִּ֔ץ וְהָעָ֛ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וָרָ֖ב אֶת־אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃

[2 Samuel 15:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.12/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered the sacrifices.**
2. [And the conspiracy was strong; for the people increased continually with Absalom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.430/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:429` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [2 Samuel 15:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.428/)
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