--- title: 2 Samuel 15:20 (JPS 1917) — Whereas thou camest but yesterday, should I this day make thee go up… · tree and pragmatics description: Whereas thou camest but yesterday, should I this day make thee go up and down with us, seeing I go whither I may? return thou, and take back thy brethren with thee in kindness and truth.' Who acts: thou, I, thee. 2 Samuel 15:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.439/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/15/) / [15:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.20/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 15:20 · JPS 1917 Whereas thou camest but yesterday, should I this day make thee go up and down with us, seeing I go whither I may? return thou, and take back thy brethren with thee in kindness and truth.' **Who acts:** thou, I, thee · **What happens:** come, make, go up, see, go, return · **To what, where:** thee, brethren, kindness · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 15:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, I, thee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:439 # text = Whereas thou camest but yesterday, should I this day make thee go up and down with us, seeing I go whither I may? return thou, and take back thy brethren with thee in kindness and truth.' 1 Whereas whereas SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 3 nsubj _ _ 3 camest come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _ 4 but but ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 yesterday yesterday NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl:unmarked _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 7 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 8 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 9 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 10 det _ _ 10 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl:unmarked _ _ 11 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 12 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 obj _ _ 13 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 xcomp _ _ 14 up up ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 down down ADV RB _ 14 conj _ _ 17 with with ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 seeing see VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 advcl _ _ 21 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 go go VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 ccomp _ _ 23 whither whither ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 24 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ _ 26 ? ? PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ 27 return return VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 parataxis _ _ 28 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 27 nsubj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 take take VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 32 back back ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 33 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 brethren brethren NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 35 with with ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 31 obl _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 kindness kindness NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 40 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 conj _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ 42 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: changed act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | thou | | | | yesterday | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **make** | should | I | thee | | | day | | tree rules | | 3 | **go up** | infinitive | thee *not said here* | | | | | with us | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 4 | **see** | gerund | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **go** | present | I | | | | | whither *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **return** | infinitive | thou | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **take back** | infinitive | thou *not said here* | thy brethren | | kindness and truth | | with thee | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent brethren=Value in kindness=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} תְּמ֣וֹל ׀ בּוֹאֶ֗ךָ וְהַיּ֞וֹם אֲנִֽיעֲךָ֤ עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ לָלֶ֔כֶת וַאֲנִ֣י הוֹלֵ֔ךְ עַ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֖י הוֹלֵ֑ךְ שׁ֣וּב וְהָשֵׁ֧ב אֶת־אַחֶ֛יךָ עִמָּ֖ךְ חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת׃ [2 Samuel 15:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.20/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:439` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 15:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.438/) - next →: [2 Samuel 15:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.440/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 15:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.20/)