--- title: 2 Samuel 16:2 (JPS 1917) — And the king said unto Ziba: 'What meanest thou by these?' And Ziba… · tree and pragmatics description: And the king said unto Ziba: 'What meanest thou by these?' And Ziba said: 'The asses are for the king's household to ride on; and the bread and summer fruit for the young men to eat; and the wine, that such as are faint in the wilderness may drink.' Who acts: king, thou, Ziba, asses. 2 Samuel 16:2 i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.458/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/) / [16:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.2/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 16:2 · JPS 1917 And the king said unto Ziba: 'What meanest thou by these?' And Ziba said: 'The asses are for the king's household to ride on; and the bread and summer fruit for the young men to eat; and the wine, that such as are faint in the wilderness may drink.' **Who acts:** king, thou, Ziba, asses, bread · **What happens:** say, mean, be, ride on, eat, drink · **To what, where:** wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 16:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, thou, Ziba, asses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:458 # text = And the king said unto Ziba: 'What meanest thou by these?' And Ziba said: 'The asses are for the king's household to ride on; and the bread and summer fruit for the young men to eat; and the wine, that such as are faint in the wilderness may drink.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Ziba Ziba PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 8 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 9 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 10 obj _ _ 10 meanest mean VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 11 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 10 nsubj _ _ 12 by by ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 these this PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 10 obl _ _ 14 ? ? PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ 15 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ 16 And and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 Ziba Ziba PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 19 : : PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 20 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ _ 21 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 asses ass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 23 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 24 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod:poss _ _ 27 's 's PART POS _ 26 case _ _ 28 household household NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 ccomp _ _ 29 to to PART TO _ 30 mark _ _ 30 ride ride VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 acl _ _ 31 on on ADP RP _ 30 compound:prt _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 59 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 bread bread NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 nsubj _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 compound _ _ 38 fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 conj _ _ 39 for for SCONJ IN _ 44 mark _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 41 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nmod _ _ 43 to to PART TO _ 44 mark _ _ 44 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 acl _ _ 45 ; ; PUNCT : _ 48 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 wine wine NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 conj _ _ 49 , , PUNCT , _ 59 punct _ _ 50 that that SCONJ IN _ 59 mark _ _ 51 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 54 mark _ _ 52 as as ADP IN _ 51 fixed _ _ 53 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 54 cop _ _ 54 faint faint ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 59 advcl _ _ 55 in in ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 wilderness wilderness NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 obl _ _ 58 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 59 aux _ _ 59 drink drink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 conj _ _ 60 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 61 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=ask | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the king | | | | | unto Ziba | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **mean** | present | thou | | | | | by these | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ziba | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | present | the asses | | | | | for the king's household | tree rules | | 5 | **ride on** | to-infinitive | Ziba *not said here* | | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **eat** | to-infinitive | the bread the young men and summer fruit and the wine *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is** | present | the bread the young men and summer fruit and the wine *not said here* | | | the wilderness | | faint *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **drink** | may | the bread the young men and summer fruit and the wine | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֧אמֶר הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶל־צִיבָ֖א מָה־אֵ֣לֶּה לָּ֑ךְ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר צִ֠יבָא הַחֲמוֹרִ֨ים לְבֵית־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לִרְכֹּ֗ב וְהַלֶּ֤חֶם וְהַקַּ֙יִץ֙ לֶאֱכ֣וֹל הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְהַיַּ֕יִן לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת הַיָּעֵ֖ף בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ [2 Samuel 16:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.2/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:458` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 16:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.457/) - next →: [2 Samuel 16:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.459/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 16:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.2/)