--- title: 2 Samuel 16:9 (JPS 1917) — Then said Abishai the son of Zeruiah unto the king: 'Why should this… · tree and pragmatics description: Then said Abishai the son of Zeruiah unto the king: 'Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? let me go over, I pray thee, and take off his head.' Who acts: Abishai, dead dog, me, I. 2 Samuel 16:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.465/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/) / [16:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.9/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 16:9 · JPS 1917 Then said Abishai the son of Zeruiah unto the king: 'Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? let me go over, I pray thee, and take off his head.' **Who acts:** Abishai, dead dog, me, I · **What happens:** say, curse, let, go over, pray, take off · **To what, where:** lord, me, thee, head · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 16:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abishai, dead dog, me, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:465 # text = Then said Abishai the son of Zeruiah unto the king: 'Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? let me go over, I pray thee, and take off his head.' 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 advmod _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 Abishai Abishai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 appos _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Zeruiah Zeruiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 8 unto unto ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ 12 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 13 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 18 advmod _ _ 14 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 15 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 17 det _ _ 16 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 curse curse VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 ccomp _ _ 19 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 appos _ _ 23 ? ? PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ 24 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ _ 25 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ _ 26 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 xcomp _ _ 27 over over ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 pray pray VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 parataxis _ _ 31 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 30 obj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 conj _ _ 35 off off ADP RP _ 34 compound:prt _ _ 36 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 24 punct _ _ 39 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 24 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: disagree - voice: character - polarity: neg - indirect: yes - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Abishai | | | | then | unto the king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **curse** | should | this dead dog | my lord | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Theme | | 3 | **let** | infinitive | | me | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **go over** | infinitive | me *not said here* | | | | | over *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **pray** | present | I | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **take off** | infinitive | me *not said here* | lord's head | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲבִישַׁ֤י בֶּן־צְרוּיָה֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לָ֣מָּה יְקַלֵּ֞ל הַכֶּ֤לֶב הַמֵּת֙ הַזֶּ֔ה אֶת־אֲדֹנִ֖י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ אֶעְבְּרָה־נָּ֖א וְאָסִ֥ירָה אֶת־רֹאשֽׁוֹ׃ס [2 Samuel 16:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.9/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:465` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 16:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.464/) - next →: [2 Samuel 16:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.466/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 16:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.9/)