---
title: 2 Samuel 17:15 (JPS 1917) — Then said Hushai unto Zadok and to Abiathar the priests: 'Thus and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said Hushai unto Zadok and to Abiathar the priests: 'Thus and thus did Ahithophel counsel Absalom and the elders of Israel; and thus and thus have I counselled. Who acts: Hushai, Ahithophel, I. 2 Samuel 17:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 17:15 · JPS 1917

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Then said Hushai unto Zadok and to Abiathar the priests: 'Thus and thus did Ahithophel counsel Absalom and the elders of Israel; and thus and thus have I counselled.

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**Who acts:** Hushai, Ahithophel, I · **What happens:** say, counsel · **To what, where:** Absalom · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 17:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hushai, Ahithophel, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:495
# text = Then said Hushai unto Zadok and to Abiathar the priests: 'Thus and thus did Ahithophel counsel Absalom and the elders of Israel; and thus and thus have I counselled.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Hushai	Hushai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Zadok	Zadok	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Abiathar	Abiathar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	appos	_	_
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	_
13	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	13	conj	_	_
16	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	Ahithophel	Ahithophel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	counsel	counsel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
19	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
27	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	27	conj	_	_
30	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	counselled	counsel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	conj	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Hushai |  |  |  | then | unto Zadok and Abiathar | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **counsel** *speech: other* | past · do-support | Ahithophel |  | Absalom and the elders of Israel |  |  | thus *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent absalom=Recipient |
| 3 | **counsel** *speech: other* | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר חוּשַׁ֗י אֶל־צָד֤וֹק וְאֶל־אֶבְיָתָר֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים כָּזֹ֣את וְכָזֹ֗את יָעַ֤ץ אֲחִיתֹ֙פֶל֙ אֶת־אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְכָזֹ֥את וְכָזֹ֖את יָעַ֥צְתִּי אָֽנִי׃

[2 Samuel 17:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:495` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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