---
title: 2 Samuel 17:17 (JPS 1917) — Now Jonathan and Ahimaaz stayed by En-rogel; and a maid-servant used… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now Jonathan and Ahimaaz stayed by En-rogel; and a maid-servant used to go and tell them; and they went and told king David; for they might not be seen to come into the city. Who acts: Jonathan, maid servant. 2 Samuel 17:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 17:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now Jonathan and Ahimaaz stayed by En-rogel; and a maid-servant used to go and tell them; and they went and told king David; for they might not be seen to come into the city.

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**Who acts:** Jonathan, maid servant · **What happens:** stay, use, go, tell, not see, come · **To what, where:** Jonathan, king David, city · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 17:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, maid servant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:497
# text = Now Jonathan and Ahimaaz stayed by En-rogel; and a maid-servant used to go and tell them; and they went and told king David; for they might not be seen to come into the city.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Ahimaaz	Ahimaaz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	En	En	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	_
9	rogel	Rogel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	maid	maid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	_
15	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
28	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	iobj	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
31	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
32	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	36	advmod	_	_
35	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	aux:pass	_	_
36	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	advcl	_	_
37	to	to	PART	TO	_	38	mark	_	_
38	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	xcomp	_	_
39	into	into	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | Jonathan and Ahimaaz |  |  |  | now | by En rogel | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by rogel=Location |
| 2 | **use** | past | a maid servant |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **go** | to-infinitive | a maid servant *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | a maid servant *not said here* |  | Jonathan |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 5 | **go** | past | Jonathan |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Jonathan *not said here* |  | king David |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent david=Recipient |
| 7 | **not** **see** | might · passive |  | Jonathan |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **come** | to-infinitive | Jonathan *not said here* |  |  | the city |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into city=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וִיהוֹנָתָ֨ן וַאֲחִימַ֜עַץ עֹמְדִ֣ים בְּעֵינ־רֹגֵ֗לעֵינ־רֹגֵ֗ל וְהָלְכָ֤ה הַשִּׁפְחָה֙ וְהִגִּ֣ידָה לָהֶ֔ם וְהֵם֙ יֵֽלְכ֔וּ וְהִגִּ֖ידוּ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֑ד כִּ֣י לֹ֥א יוּכְל֛וּ לְהֵרָא֖וֹת לָב֥וֹא הָעִֽירָה׃

[2 Samuel 17:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:497` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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