---
title: 2 Samuel 17:19 (JPS 1917) — And the woman took and spread the covering over the well's mouth, an… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the woman took and spread the covering over the well's mouth, and strewed groats thereon; and nothing was known. Who acts: woman. 2 Samuel 17:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 17:19 · JPS 1917

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And the woman took and spread the covering over the well's mouth, and strewed groats thereon; and nothing was known.

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**Who acts:** woman · **What happens:** take, spread, strew, know · **To what, where:** covering, mouth, groats, nothing

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This is 2 Samuel 17:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:499
# text = And the woman took and spread the covering over the well's mouth, and strewed groats thereon; and nothing was known.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	covering	covering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	over	over	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	well	well	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	strewed	strew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
17	groats	groat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
18	thereon	thereon	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **spread** | past | the woman *not said here* | the covering |  | the well's mouth |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent covering=Theme over mouth=Destination |
| 3 | **strew** | past | the woman *not said here* | groats |  |  |  | thereon *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent groat=Theme |
| 4 | **know** | past · passive |  | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתִּקַּ֣ח הָאִשָּׁ֗ה וַתִּפְרֹ֤שׂ אֶת־הַמָּסָךְ֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַבְּאֵ֔ר וַתִּשְׁטַ֥ח עָלָ֖יו הָֽרִפ֑וֹת וְלֹ֥א נוֹדַ֖ע דָּבָֽר׃

[2 Samuel 17:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:499` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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