---
title: 2 Samuel 18:13 (JPS 1917) — Otherwise if I had dealt falsely against mine own life — and there i… · tree and pragmatics
description: Otherwise if I had dealt falsely against mine own life — and there is no matter hid from the king — then thou thyself wouldest have stood aloof.' Who acts: I, thou. 2 Samuel 18:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 18:13 · JPS 1917

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Otherwise if I had dealt falsely against mine own life — and there is no matter hid from the king — then thou thyself wouldest have stood aloof.'

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**Who acts:** I, thou · **What happens:** deal, hide, stand · **To what, where:** matter

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This is 2 Samuel 18:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:525
# text = Otherwise if I had dealt falsely against mine own life — and there is no matter hid from the king — then thou thyself wouldest have stood aloof.'
1	Otherwise	otherwise	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	dealt	deal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	27	advcl	_	_
6	falsely	falsely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	mine	mine	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	14	expl	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	16	det	_	_
16	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
17	hid	hide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
22	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	advmod	_	_
23	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	nsubj	_	_
24	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	23	nmod	_	_
25	wouldest	would	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
26	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux	_	_
27	stood	stand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
28	aloof	aloof	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	xcomp	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character, act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deal** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | against mine own life; falsely *property* | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hide** | participle |  | no matter *not said here* |  |  |  | from the king | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from king=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **stand** | would · perfect | thou |  |  |  | then | aloof, otherwise *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אֽוֹ־עָשִׂ֤יתִי בְנַפְשִׁי֙ שֶׁ֔קֶר וְכָל־דָּבָ֖ר לֹא־יִכָּחֵ֣ד מִן־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְאַתָּ֖ה תִּתְיַצֵּ֥ב מִנֶּֽגֶד׃

[2 Samuel 18:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:525` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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