--- title: 2 Samuel 18:27 (JPS 1917) — And the watchman said: 'I think the running of the foremost is like… · tree and pragmatics description: And the watchman said: 'I think the running of the foremost is like the running of Ahimaaz the son of Zadok.' And the king said: 'He is a good man, and cometh with good tidings.' Who acts: watchman, I, running, king. 2 Samuel 18:27 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.540/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/) / [18:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.27/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 18:27 · JPS 1917 And the watchman said: 'I think the running of the foremost is like the running of Ahimaaz the son of Zadok.' And the king said: 'He is a good man, and cometh with good tidings.' **Who acts:** watchman, I, running, king, foremost · **What happens:** say, think, be, come, run · **To what, where:** good man · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 18:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (watchman, I, running, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:540 # text = And the watchman said: 'I think the running of the foremost is like the running of Ahimaaz the son of Zadok.' And the king said: 'He is a good man, and cometh with good tidings.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 watchman watchman NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 6 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 7 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 8 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 running running NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 foremost foremost NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 15 like like ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 running running NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 ccomp _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Ahimaaz Ahimaaz PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 appos _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 Zadok Zadok PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ 25 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 8 punct _ _ 26 And and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 29 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 30 : : PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 31 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 36 punct _ _ 32 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 33 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 ccomp _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 cometh come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 conj _ _ 40 with with ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 tidings tiding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 obl _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 29 punct _ _ 44 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: pos - hedged: yes - teacher: changed hedge=1 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the watchman | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | I | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** | present | the running of the foremost | | | | | like the running; of Ahimaaz | tree rules | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the king | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is a** | present | king | a good man | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **come** | present | king *not said here* | | | | | with good tidings | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **run** | | the foremost | | | | | | nom running «act intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַצֹּפֶ֔ה אֲנִ֤י רֹאֶה֙ אֶת־מְרוּצַ֣ת הָרִאשׁ֔וֹן כִּמְרֻצַ֖ת אֲחִימַ֣עַץ בֶּן־צָד֑וֹק וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אִֽישׁ־ט֣וֹב זֶ֔ה וְאֶל־בְּשׂוֹרָ֥ה טוֹבָ֖ה יָבֽוֹא׃ [2 Samuel 18:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.27/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:540` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 18:26 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.539/) - next →: [2 Samuel 18:28 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.541/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 18:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.27/)