---
title: 2 Samuel 19:1 (JPS 1917) — And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gat… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept; and as he went, thus he said: 'O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! would I had died for thee, O Absalom, my son, my son!' Who acts: king, I. 2 Samuel 19:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# 2 Samuel 19:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept; and as he went, thus he said: 'O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! would I had died for thee, O Absalom, my son, my son!'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king, I · **What happens:** move, go up, weep, go, say, die · **To what, where:** king, gate · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 19:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:546
# text = And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept; and as he went, thus he said: 'O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! would I had died for thee, O Absalom, my son, my son!'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	much	much	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	moved	move	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	up	up	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	chamber	chamber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	over	over	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
22	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	advcl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
26	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
29	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	_
31	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	33	discourse	_	_
32	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	vocative	_	_
34	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	appos	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	appos	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	appos	_	_
41	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	appos	_	_
42	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	_
43	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	46	aux	_	_
44	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	46	nsubj	_	_
45	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	46	aux	_	_
46	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	28	ccomp	_	_
47	for	for	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	46	obl	_	_
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
50	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	51	discourse	_	_
51	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	vocative	_	_
52	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
53	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	54	nmod:poss	_	_
54	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	appos	_	_
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
56	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	57	nmod:poss	_	_
57	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	appos	_	_
58	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	46	punct	_	_
59	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	46	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: exclamation
- act: express
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past · passive |  | the king |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **go up** | past |  |  |  | the gate |  | to the chamber | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **weep** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **go** | past | king |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | king |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **die** | would · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | for thee; my son *vocative*; Absalom *vocative* | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for thou=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּרְגַּ֣ז הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וַיַּ֛עַל עַל־עֲלִיַּ֥ת הַשַּׁ֖עַר וַיֵּ֑בְךְּ וְכֹ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר בְּלֶכְתּ֗וֹ בְּנִ֤י אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ בְּנִ֣י בְנִ֣י אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם מִֽי־יִתֵּ֤ן מוּתִי֙ אֲנִ֣י תַחְתֶּ֔יךָ אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם בְּנִ֥י בְנִֽי׃

[2 Samuel 19:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:546` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [2 Samuel 18:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.545/)
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