---
title: 2 Samuel 19:3 (JPS 1917) — And the victory that day was turned into mourning unto all the peopl… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the victory that day was turned into mourning unto all the people; for the people heard say that day: 'The king grieveth for his son.' Who acts: people, king. 2 Samuel 19:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 19:3 · JPS 1917

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And the victory that day was turned into mourning unto all the people; for the people heard say that day: 'The king grieveth for his son.'

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**Who acts:** people, king · **What happens:** turn, hear, say, grieve · **To what, where:** victory, mourning · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 19:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:548
# text = And the victory that day was turned into mourning unto all the people; for the people heard say that day: 'The king grieveth for his son.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	mourning	mourning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	13	det:predet	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
18	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
19	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
20	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	det	_	_
21	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl:unmarked	_	_
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	_
24	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	grieveth	grieve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	ccomp	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
31	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past · passive |  | the victory |  | mourning | day | unto all people | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into mourning=Trajectory |
| 2 | **hear** | past | the people |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive |  |  |  |  | day |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **grieve** | present | the king |  |  |  |  | for king's son | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתְּהִ֨י הַתְּשֻׁעָ֜ה בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֛וּא לְאֵ֖בֶל לְכָל־הָעָ֑ם כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֣ע הָעָ֗ם בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר נֶעֱצַ֥ב הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ עַל־בְּנֽוֹ׃

[2 Samuel 19:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:548` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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