---
title: 2 Samuel 19:42 (JPS 1917) — And, behold, all the men of Israel came to the king, and said unto t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And, behold, all the men of Israel came to the king, and said unto the king: 'Why have our brethren the men of Judah stolen thee away, and brought the king, and his household, over the Jordan, and all David's men with him?' Who acts: men. 2 Samuel 19:42 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the p
---

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# 2 Samuel 19:42 · JPS 1917

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And, behold, all the men of Israel came to the king, and said unto the king: 'Why have our brethren the men of Judah stolen thee away, and brought the king, and his household, over the Jordan, and all David's men with him?'

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**Who acts:** men · **What happens:** come, say, steal away, bring · **To what, where:** thee, king, Jordan · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 19:42 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:598
# text = And, behold, all the men of Israel came to the king, and said unto the king: 'Why have our brethren the men of Judah stolen thee away, and brought the king, and his household, over the Jordan, and all David's men with him?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	10	discourse	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
21	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	_
22	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	30	advmod	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
24	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	appos	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	stolen	steal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	ccomp	_	_
31	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	obj	_	_
32	away	away	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
40	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	household	household	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	_
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
43	over	over	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
48	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	49	det	_	_
49	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	nmod:poss	_	_
50	's	's	PART	POS	_	49	case	_	_
51	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	conj	_	_
52	with	with	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
53	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	nmod	_	_
54	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
55	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | all men of Israel |  |  |  |  | to the king | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to king=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | all men of Israel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **steal away** | present · perfect | the men of Judah | thee |  |  |  | away *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thou=Theme |
| 4 | **bring** | past | the men of Judah *not said here* |  | the king and king's household and all David's men with king | the Jordan |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument king=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהִנֵּ֛ה כָּל־אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּאִ֣ים אֶל־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֶל־הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ מַדּוּעַ֩ גְּנָב֨וּךָ אַחֵ֜ינוּ אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיַּעֲבִ֨רוּ אֶת־הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ וְאֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֥י דָוִ֖ד עִמּֽוֹ׃ס

[2 Samuel 19:42: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.42/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:598` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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