--- title: 2 Samuel 19:43 (JPS 1917) — And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the ki… · tree and pragmatics description: And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?' Who acts: men, king, ye, we. 2 Samuel 19:43 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.599/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / [19:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.43/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 19:43 · JPS 1917 And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?' **Who acts:** men, king, ye, we · **What happens:** answer, be, eat, give, cost · **To what, where:** men, us, all, gift This is 2 Samuel 19:43 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, king, ye, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:599 # text = And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 2 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 4 det:predet _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 12 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 13 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 14 Because because SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 17 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 18 near near ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 advcl _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 kin kin NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 24 wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 28 advmod _ _ 25 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 28 advmod _ _ 26 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 27 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 28 nsubj _ _ 28 angry angry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 parataxis _ _ 29 for for ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 31 det _ _ 31 matter matter NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 32 ? ? PUNCT . _ 28 punct _ _ 33 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 eaten eat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 parataxis _ _ 36 at at ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 all all PRON DT PronType=Tot 35 obj _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod:poss _ _ 41 's 's PART POS _ 40 case _ _ 42 cost cost NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nmod _ _ 43 ? ? PUNCT . _ 35 punct _ _ 44 or or CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 45 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 46 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 47 det _ _ 47 gift gift NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 nsubj:pass _ _ 48 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 49 aux:pass _ _ 49 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 conj _ _ 50 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 49 iobj _ _ 51 ? ? PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ 52 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=ask | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | all men of Judah | | the men of Israel | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent man=Eventuality | | 2 | **is** | present | the king | | us | | | of kin; near *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | present | ye | | | | then | for this matter; angry, wherefore *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **eat** | present · perfect | we | all | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Patient | | 5 | **give** | present · perfect · passive | | any gift | us | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient we=Theme | | 6 | **cost** | | the king | | | | | | nom cost «possession transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיַּעַן֩ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה עַל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי־קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ חָרָ֣ה לְךָ֔ עַל־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הֶאָכ֤וֹל אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙ מִן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־נִשֵּׂ֥את נִשָּׂ֖א לָֽנוּ׃ס [2 Samuel 19:43: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.43/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:599` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:42 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.598/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:44 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.600/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.43/)