--- title: 2 Samuel 2:27 (JPS 1917) — And Joab said: 'As God liveth, if thou hadst not spoken, surely then… · tree and pragmatics description: And Joab said: 'As God liveth, if thou hadst not spoken, surely then only after the morning the people had gone away, every one from following his brother.' Who acts: Joab, God, thou, people. 2 Samuel 2:27 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.61/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/2/) / [2:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.27/) / JPS 1 # 2 Samuel 2:27 · JPS 1917 And Joab said: 'As God liveth, if thou hadst not spoken, surely then only after the morning the people had gone away, every one from following his brother.' **Who acts:** Joab, God, thou, people, one · **What happens:** say, live, not speak, go away, follow · **To what, where:** one, brother · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Samuel 2:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joab, God, thou, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2SA:61 # text = And Joab said: 'As God liveth, if thou hadst not spoken, surely then only after the morning the people had gone away, every one from following his brother.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Joab Joab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ _ 6 As as SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 7 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 liveth live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 advcl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 10 if if SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 11 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 14 nsubj _ _ 12 hadst have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 13 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 14 advmod _ _ 14 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 25 advcl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 16 surely surely ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 17 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 25 advmod _ _ 18 only only ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 19 after after ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 morning morning NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 24 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 26 away away ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 29 det _ _ 29 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl:unmarked _ _ 30 from from SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 31 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 29 acl _ _ 32 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 35 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joab | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **live** | present | God | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect | thou | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **go away** | past · perfect | the people | every one | | | then; morning | away, surely *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **follow** | gerund | every one *not said here* | God's brother | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֔ב חַ֚י הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֥י לוּלֵ֖א דִּבַּ֑רְתָּ כִּ֣י אָ֤ז מֵֽהַבֹּ֙קֶר֙ נַעֲלָ֣ה הָעָ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ מֵאַחֲרֵ֥י אָחִֽיו׃ [2 Samuel 2:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.27/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:61` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 2:26 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.60/) - next →: [2 Samuel 2:28 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.62/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 2:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.27/)