---
title: 2 Samuel 21:15 (JPS 1917) — And the Philistines had war again with Israel; and David went down,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the Philistines had war again with Israel; and David went down, and his servants with him, and fought against the Philistines; and David waxed faint. Who acts: Philistines, David. 2 Samuel 21:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 21:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the Philistines had war again with Israel; and David went down, and his servants with him, and fought against the Philistines; and David waxed faint.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Philistines, David · **What happens:** have, go down, fight, wax · **To what, where:** war

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 21:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:650
# text = And the Philistines had war again with Israel; and David went down, and his servants with him, and fought against the Philistines; and David waxed faint.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	down	down	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nmod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
23	against	against	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	waxed	wax	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
30	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	xcomp	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Philistines | war |  |  | again | with Israel | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Patient |
| 2 | **go down** | past | David |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **fight** | past | David *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against the Philistines | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **wax** | past | David |  |  |  |  | faint *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד מִלְחָמָ֛ה לַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֵּ֨רֶד דָּוִ֜ד וַעֲבָדָ֥יו עִמּ֛וֹ וַיִּלָּחֲמ֥וּ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וַיָּ֥עַף דָּוִֽד׃

[2 Samuel 21:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:650` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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