---
title: 2 Samuel 3:1 (JPS 1917) — Now there was long war between the house of Saul and the house of Da… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now there was long war between the house of Saul and the house of David; and David waxed stronger and stronger, but the house of Saul waxed weaker and weaker. Who acts: long war, David, house. 2 Samuel 3:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 3:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now there was long war between the house of Saul and the house of David; and David waxed stronger and stronger, but the house of Saul waxed weaker and weaker.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** long war, David, house · **What happens:** be, wax

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 3:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (long war, David, house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:68
# text = Now there was long war between the house of Saul and the house of David; and David waxed stronger and stronger, but the house of Saul waxed weaker and weaker.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	waxed	wax	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
20	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	xcomp	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	conj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	waxed	wax	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
30	weaker	weak	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	29	xcomp	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	weaker	weak	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	30	conj	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | long war between the house of Saul and the house of David |  |  | there | now |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **wax** | past | David |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **wax** | past | the house of Saul |  |  |  |  | weak *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתְּהִ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ אֲרֻכָּ֔ה בֵּ֚ין בֵּ֣ית שָׁא֔וּל וּבֵ֖ין בֵּ֣ית דָּוִ֑ד וְדָוִד֙ הֹלֵ֣ךְ וְחָזֵ֔ק וּבֵ֥ית שָׁא֖וּל הֹלְכִ֥ים וְדַלִּֽים׃ס

[2 Samuel 3:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:68` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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