---
title: 2 Samuel 23:10 (JPS 1917) — he stood firm, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, a… · tree and pragmatics
description: he stood firm, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand did cleave unto the sword; and the LORD wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to strip the slain. Who acts: man, hand, LORD, people. 2 Samuel 23:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree 
---

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# 2 Samuel 23:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he stood firm, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand did cleave unto the sword; and the LORD wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to strip the slain.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, hand, LORD, people · **What happens:** stand, smote, be, cleave, wrought, return · **To what, where:** Philistines, great victory, slain

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 23:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, hand, LORD, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:720
# text = he stood firm, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand did cleave unto the sword; and the LORD wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to strip the slain.
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	smote	smote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Philistines	Philistines	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	weary	weary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	advcl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	wrought	wrought	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
31	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	32	det	_	_
32	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl:unmarked	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	nsubj	_	_
37	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
38	after	after	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obl	_	_
40	only	only	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
41	to	to	PART	TO	_	42	mark	_	_
42	strip	strip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	advcl	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	slain	slain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	obj	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | man |  |  |  |  | firm *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **smote** | past | man *not said here* | the Philistines |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | man's hand |  |  |  |  | weary *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **cleave** | past · do-support | man's hand |  |  |  |  | unto the sword | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **wrought** | past | the LORD | a great victory |  |  | day |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **return** | past | the people |  |  |  | after man |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **strip** | to-infinitive | the people *not said here* | the slain |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slain=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
ה֣וּא קָם֩ וַיַּ֨ךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים עַ֣ד ׀ כִּֽי־יָגְעָ֣ה יָד֗וֹ וַתִּדְבַּ֤ק יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיַּ֧עַשׂ יְהוָ֛ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וְהָעָ֛ם יָשֻׁ֥בוּ אַחֲרָ֖יו אַךְ־לְפַשֵּֽׁט׃ס

[2 Samuel 23:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:720` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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