---
title: 2 Samuel 23:11 (JPS 1917) — And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines. Who acts: people. 2 Samuel 23:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 23:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines.

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**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** gather, be, flee · **To what, where:** Philistines, plot

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This is 2 Samuel 23:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:722
# text = And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	troop	troop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	14	advmod	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	plot	plot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	acl:relcl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	lentils	lentil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
24	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
25	from	from	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past · passive |  | the Philistines |  |  |  | into a troop; together *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient into troop=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | a plot |  |  |  | of ground | tree rules |
| 3 | **flee** | past | the people |  |  | the Philistines |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from philistine=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְאַחֲרָ֛יו שַׁמָּ֥א בֶן־אָגֵ֖א הָרָרִ֑י וַיֵּאָסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים לַחַיָּ֗ה וַתְּהִי־שָׁ֞ם חֶלְקַ֤ת הַשָּׂדֶה֙ מְלֵאָ֣ה עֲדָשִׁ֔ים וְהָעָ֥ם נָ֖ס מִפְּנֵ֥י פְלִשְׁתִּֽים׃

[2 Samuel 23:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.11/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [And after him was Shammah the son of Age the Ararite.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.721/)
2. **And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:722` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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