---
title: 2 Samuel 24:13 (JPS 1917) — So Gad came to David, and told him, and said unto him: 'Shall seven… · tree and pragmatics
description: So Gad came to David, and told him, and said unto him: 'Shall seven years of famine come unto thee in thy land? or wilt thou flee three months before thy foes while they pursue thee? or shall there be three days' pestilence in thy land? now advise thee, and consider what answer I shall return to Him
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.769/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/) / [24:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.13/) / JPS 1

# 2 Samuel 24:13 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So Gad came to David, and told him, and said unto him: 'Shall seven years of famine come unto thee in thy land? or wilt thou flee three months before thy foes while they pursue thee? or shall there be three days' pestilence in thy land? now advise thee, and consider what answer I shall return to Him that sent Me.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Gad, seven years, thou, foes, pestilence, I · **What happens:** come, tell, say, flee, pursue, be · **To what, where:** David, land, thee, answer, Me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 24:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gad, seven years, thou, foes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:769
# text = So Gad came to David, and told him, and said unto him: 'Shall seven years of famine come unto thee in thy land? or wilt thou flee three months before thy foes while they pursue thee? or shall there be three days' pestilence in thy land? now advise thee, and consider what answer I shall return to Him that sent Me.'
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	Gad	Gad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	iobj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	_
17	Shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
18	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	famine	famine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
23	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	obl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
28	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nsubj	_	_
32	flee	flee	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
33	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	34	nummod	_	_
34	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl:unmarked	_	_
35	before	before	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	foes	foe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
38	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
39	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
40	pursue	pursue	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
41	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	40	obj	_	_
42	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
43	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
44	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	46	aux	_	_
45	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	46	expl	_	_
46	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
47	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	48	nummod	_	_
48	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	nmod:poss	_	_
49	'	's	PART	POS	_	48	case	_	_
50	pestilence	pestilence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	_
51	in	in	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	53	nmod:poss	_	_
53	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	_
54	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
55	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	56	advmod	_	_
56	advise	advise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
57	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	56	obj	_	_
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	60	punct	_	_
59	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	60	cc	_	_
60	consider	consider	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	56	conj	_	_
61	what	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	62	det	_	_
62	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	65	obj	_	_
63	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	65	nsubj	_	_
64	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	65	aux	_	_
65	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	60	ccomp	_	_
66	to	to	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
67	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	65	obl	_	_
68	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	69	nsubj	_	_
69	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	67	acl:relcl	_	_
70	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	69	obj	_	_
71	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
72	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Gad |  |  | David |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to david=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Gad *not said here* |  | David |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gad *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto David | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **come** | shall | seven years of famine |  |  | thy land |  | unto thee | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |
| 5 | **flee** | future | thou |  |  |  | before thy foes; month |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **pursue** | present | foes *= foe* | thee |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme |
| 7 | **be** | shall | three days's pestilence in thy land |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **advise** *speech: other* | infinitive |  | thee |  |  | now |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient |
| 9 | **consider** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 10 | **return** | shall | I | what answer | David |  |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent answer=Theme to he=Destination |
| 11 | **send** | past |  | Me |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּבֹא־גָ֥ד אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד וַיַּגֶּד־ל֑וֹ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֡וֹ הֲתָב֣וֹא לְךָ֣ שֶֽׁבַע שָׁנִ֣ים ׀ רָעָ֣ב ׀ בְּאַרְצֶ֡ךָ אִם־שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳ֠דָשִׁים נֻסְךָ֨לִפְנֵֽי־צָרֶ֜יךָ וְה֣וּא רֹדְפֶ֗ךָ וְאִם־הֱ֠יוֹת שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת יָמִ֥ים דֶּ֙בֶר֙ בְּאַרְצֶ֔ךָ עַתָּה֙ דַּ֣ע וּרְאֵ֔ה מָה־אָשִׁ֥יב שֹׁלְחִ֖י דָּבָֽר׃ס

[2 Samuel 24:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.13/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:769` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [2 Samuel 24:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.768/)
- next →: [2 Samuel 24:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.770/)
- ↑ back to [2 Samuel 24:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.13/)