---
title: 2 Samuel 3:19 (JPS 1917) — And Abner also spoke in the ears of Benjamin; and Abner went also to… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Abner also spoke in the ears of Benjamin; and Abner went also to speak in the ears of David in Hebron all that seemed good to Israel, and to the whole house of Benjamin. Who acts: Abner. 2 Samuel 3:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 3:19 · JPS 1917

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And Abner also spoke in the ears of Benjamin; and Abner went also to speak in the ears of David in Hebron all that seemed good to Israel, and to the whole house of Benjamin.

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**Who acts:** Abner · **What happens:** speak, go, seem · **To what, where:** ears, all · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 3:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abner), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:89
# text = And Abner also spoke in the ears of Benjamin; and Abner went also to speak in the ears of David in Hebron all that seemed good to Israel, and to the whole house of Benjamin.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Abner	Abner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Benjamin	Benjamin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	Abner	Abner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	also	also	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Hebron	Hebron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
24	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	obj	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
27	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	xcomp	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Benjamin	Benjamin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Abner |  |  | the ears of Benjamin |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go** | past | Abner |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Abner *not said here* | all |  | the ears of David |  | in Hebron | tree rules |
| 4 | **seem** | past |  |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר גַּם־אַבְנֵ֖ר בְּאָזְנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֑ין וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ גַּם־אַבְנֵ֗ר לְדַבֵּ֞ר בְּאָזְנֵ֤י דָוִד֙ בְּחֶבְר֔וֹן אֵ֤ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־טוֹב֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּבְעֵינֵ֖י כָּל־בֵּ֥ית בִּנְיָמִֽן׃

[2 Samuel 3:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:89` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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