---
title: 2 Samuel 3:22 (JPS 1917) — And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and b… · tree and pragmatics
description: And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace. Who acts: servants, Abner. 2 Samuel 3:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# 2 Samuel 3:22 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace.

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**Who acts:** servants, Abner · **What happens:** come, bring in, not be, send away, be · **To what, where:** foray, great spoil, Hebron, David, peace

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 3:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servants, Abner), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:93
# text = And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	11	discourse	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Joab	Joab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	foray	foray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
26	Abner	Abner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	30	advmod	_	_
29	with	with	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Hebron	Hebron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
34	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
35	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
36	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	advcl	_	_
38	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	away	away	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
43	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	cop	_	_
44	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	37	conj	_	_
45	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the servants of David and Joab |  |  | a foray |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from foray=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **bring in** | past | the servants of David and Joab *not said here* | a great spoil |  |  |  | with Israel | vn earn-54.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme spoil=Asset |
| 3 | **not** **is** | past | Abner |  |  | Hebron |  | with David | tree rules |
| 4 | **send away** | past · perfect | Abner | David |  |  |  | away *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | past | Abner |  |  | peace |  | go *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהִנֵּה֩ עַבְדֵ֨י דָוִ֤ד וְיוֹאָב֙ בָּ֣א מֵֽהַגְּד֔וּד וְשָׁלָ֥ל רָ֖ב עִמָּ֣ם הֵבִ֑יאוּ וְאַבְנֵ֗ר אֵינֶ֤נּוּ עִם־דָּוִד֙ בְּחֶבְר֔וֹן כִּ֥י שִׁלְּח֖וֹ וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃

[2 Samuel 3:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:93` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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