---
title: 2 Samuel 3:26 (JPS 1917) — And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abne… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor-sirah; but David knew it not. Who acts: Joab, messengers, David. 2 Samuel 3:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 3:26 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor-sirah; but David knew it not.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Joab, messengers, David · **What happens:** come out, send, bring back, not know · **To what, where:** David, messengers, Abner, Bor sirah, sirah

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Samuel 3:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joab, messengers, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:97
# text = And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor-sirah; but David knew it not.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
3	Joab	Joab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Abner	Abner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	back	back	ADV	RB	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	Bor	Bor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	_
24	sirah	sirah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
26	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | past · passive | Joab |  |  | David |  |  | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **send** | past | Joab | messengers |  |  | after Abner |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme |
| 3 | **bring back** | past | messengers *= messenger* | Abner |  | Bor sirah |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme from sirah=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **not** **know** | past | David | sirah |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּצֵ֤א יוֹאָב֙ מֵעִ֣ם דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח מַלְאָכִים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּ אֹת֖וֹ מִבּ֣וֹר הַסִּרָ֑ה בּ֣וֹר הַסִּרָ֑ה וְדָוִ֖ד לֹ֥א יָדָֽע׃

[2 Samuel 3:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.26/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:97` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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