---
title: 2 Samuel 3:28 (JPS 1917) — And afterward when David heard it, he said: 'I and my kingdom are gu… · tree and pragmatics
description: And afterward when David heard it, he said: 'I and my kingdom are guiltless before the LORD for ever from the blood of Abner the son of Ner; Who acts: David, I. 2 Samuel 3:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Samuel 3:28 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And afterward when David heard it, he said: 'I and my kingdom are guiltless before the LORD for ever from the blood of Abner the son of Ner;

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**Who acts:** David, I · **What happens:** hear, say, be · **To what, where:** blood · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Samuel 3:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2SA:99
# text = And afterward when David heard it, he said: 'I and my kingdom are guiltless before the LORD for ever from the blood of Abner the son of Ner;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	afterward	afterward	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
4	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
11	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	guiltless	guiltless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	ccomp	_	_
18	before	before	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	obl	_	_
22	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	21	advmod	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Abner	Abner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Ner	Ner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | David | blood |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David |  |  |  |  | afterward *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | I |  |  | the blood of Abner | before the LORD | guiltless *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע דָּוִד֙ מֵאַ֣חֲרֵי כֵ֔ן וַיֹּ֗אמֶר נָקִ֨י אָנֹכִ֧י וּמַמְלַכְתִּ֛י מֵעִ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם מִדְּמֵ֖י אַבְנֵ֥ר בֶּן־נֵֽר׃

[2 Samuel 3:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.28/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2SA:99` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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