---
title: Amos 7:2 (JPS 1917) — And if it had come to pass, that when they had made an end of eating… · tree and pragmatics
description: And if it had come to pass, that when they had made an end of eating the grass of the land — so I said: O Lord GOD, forgive, I beseech Thee; how shall Jacob stand? for he is small. Who acts: growth, locusts, end, I. Amos 7:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Amos 7:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And if it had come to pass, that when they had made an end of eating the grass of the land — so I said: O Lord GOD, forgive, I beseech Thee; how shall Jacob stand? for he is small.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** growth, locusts, end, I, Jacob · **What happens:** come, pass, make, eat, say, forgive · **To what, where:** end, grass, Thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Amos 7:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (growth, locusts, end, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:AMO:111
# text = And if it had come to pass, that when they had made an end of eating the grass of the land — so I said: O Lord GOD, forgive, I beseech Thee; how shall Jacob stand? for he is small.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	advcl	_	_
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
28	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	30	discourse	_	_
29	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	vocative	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	forgive	forgive	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	26	ccomp	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
35	beseech	beseech	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
36	Thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	35	obj	_	_
37	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
38	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	41	advmod	_	_
39	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
40	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
41	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	parataxis	_	_
42	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	41	punct	_	_
43	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	46	mark	_	_
44	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	46	nsubj	_	_
45	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	46	cop	_	_
46	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	advcl	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	35	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=request, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect | growth |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | growth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | past · perfect | locusts *= locust* | a end |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset end=Product |
| 4 | **eat** | gerund | a end *not said here* | the grass of the land |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **forgive** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | Lord GOD *vocative* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **beseech** | present | I | Thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **stand** | shall | Jacob |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **is** | present | Jacob |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהָיָ֗ה אִם־כִּלָּה֙ לֶֽאֱכוֹל֙ אֶת־עֵ֣שֶׂב הָאָ֔רֶץ וָאֹמַ֗ר אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ סְֽלַֽח־נָ֔א מִ֥י יָק֖וּם יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב כִּ֥י קָטֹ֖ן הֽוּא׃

[Amos 7:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.7.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:111` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Amos 7:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.110/)
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